Öйúµç×Ó¼¼ÊõÍø

ÉèΪÊ×Ò³ ÍøÕ¾µØͼ ¼ÓÈëÊÕ²Ø

 
 

Á˽âÕâЩ¾Í¿ÉÒԸ㶮 IGBT

¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º IGBT ¾§Ìå¹Ü

ʱ¼ä£º2023-06-20 17:03:16      À´Ô´£ºµÃ½Ýµç×ÓDigiKey΢ÐŹ«ÖÚºÅ

¡°¾øԵդ˫¼«¾§Ìå¹Ü£¨IGBT, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor£©ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÈý¶Ë¹¦ÂÊ°ëµ¼ÌåÆ÷¼þ£¬Ö÷ÒªÓÃ×÷µç×Ó¿ª¹Ø£¬ÔÚ½ÏеÄÆ÷¼þÖÐÒÔ½áºÏ¸ßЧºÍ¿ìËÙ¿ª¹Ø¶øÎÅÃû¡£IGBTͨ¹ýÔÚµ¥¸öÆ÷¼þÖÐ×éºÏÓÃÓÚ¿ØÖÆÊäÈëµÄ¸ôÀëÕ¤¼«FETºÍ×÷Ϊ¿ª¹ØµÄË«¼«¹¦Âʾ§Ìå¹Ü£¬½«MOSFETµÄ¼òµ¥Õ¤¼«Çý¶¯ÌØÐÔÓëË«¼«¾§Ìå¹ÜµÄ¸ßµçÁ÷ºÍµÍ±¥ºÍµçѹÄÜÁ¦Ïà½áºÏ¡£IGBTÓÃÓÚÖе½´ó¹¦ÂÊÓ¦Óã¬È翪¹ØµçÔ´¡¢Ç£Òýµç»ú¿ØÖƺ͸ÐÓ¦¼ÓÈÈ¡£

¡±

×÷Õߣº Barley Li

¾øԵդ˫¼«¾§Ìå¹Ü£¨IGBT, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor£©ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÈý¶Ë¹¦ÂÊ°ëµ¼ÌåÆ÷¼þ£¬Ö÷ÒªÓÃ×÷µç×Ó¿ª¹Ø£¬ÔÚ½ÏеÄÆ÷¼þÖÐÒÔ½áºÏ¸ßЧºÍ¿ìËÙ¿ª¹Ø¶øÎÅÃû¡£IGBTͨ¹ýÔÚµ¥¸öÆ÷¼þÖÐ×éºÏÓÃÓÚ¿ØÖÆÊäÈëµÄ¸ôÀëÕ¤¼«FETºÍ×÷Ϊ¿ª¹ØµÄË«¼«¹¦Âʾ§Ìå¹Ü£¬½«MOSFETµÄ¼òµ¥Õ¤¼«Çý¶¯ÌØÐÔÓëË«¼«¾§Ìå¹ÜµÄ¸ßµçÁ÷ºÍµÍ±¥ºÍµçѹÄÜÁ¦Ïà½áºÏ¡£IGBTÓÃÓÚÖе½´ó¹¦ÂÊÓ¦Óã¬È翪¹ØµçÔ´¡¢Ç£Òýµç»ú¿ØÖƺ͸ÐÓ¦¼ÓÈÈ¡£


ͼ1. IGBT µç·ͼ·ûºÅ

1. IGBTÌصã

IGBT¾ßÓÐÕ¤¼«¡¢¼¯µç¼«¡¢·¢É伫3¸öÒý½Å¡£Õ¤¼«ÓëMOSFETÏàͬ£¬¼¯µç¼«ºÍ·¢É伫ÓëË«¼«¾§Ìå¹ÜÏàͬ¡£IGBTÓëMOSFETÒ»Ñùͨ¹ýµçѹ¿ØÖƶ˿ڣ¬ÔÚN¹µµÀÐ͵ÄÇé¿öÏ£¬¶ÔÓÚ·¢É伫¶øÑÔ£¬ÔÚÕ¤¼«Ê©¼ÓÕýµçѹʱ£¬¼¯µç¼«-·¢É伫µ¼Í¨£¬Á÷¹ý¼¯µç¼«µçÁ÷¡£ÎÒÃǽ«ÁíÐнéÉÜÆ乤×÷ºÍÇý¶¯·½·¨¡£

IGBTÊǽáºÏÁËMOSFETºÍË«¼«¾§Ìå¹ÜÓŵãµÄ¾§Ìå¹Ü¡£MOSFETÓÉÓÚÕ¤¼«ÊǸôÀëµÄ£¬Òò´Ë¾ßÓÐÊäÈë×迹¸ß¡¢¿ª¹ØËٶȽϿìµÄÓŵ㣬µ«È±µãÊÇÔڸߵçѹʱµ¼Í¨µç×è½Ï¸ß¡£Ë«¼«¾§Ìå¹Ü¼´Ê¹ÔڸߵçѹÌõ¼þϵ¼Í¨µç×èÒ²ºÜµÍ£¬µ«´æÔÚÊäÈë×迹µÍºÍ¿ª¹ØËÙ¶ÈÂýµÄȱµã¡£Í¨¹ýÃÖ²¹ÕâÁ½ÖÖÆ÷¼þ¸÷×ÔµÄȱµã£¬IGBT³ÉΪһÖÖ¾ßÓиßÊäÈë×迹¡¢¿ª¹ØËٶȿì (IGBT¿ª¹ØËٶȱÈMOSFETÂý£¬µ«ÈÔ±ÈË«¼«¾§Ìå¹Ü¿ì¡£) £¬¼´Ê¹ÔڸߵçѹÌõ¼þÏÂÒ²ÄÜʵÏֵ͵¼Í¨µç×èµÄ¾§Ìå¹Ü¡£¡¡

2. IGBT µÄ¹¤×÷Ô­Àí

µ±Ïò·¢É伫ʩ¼ÓÕýµÄ¼¯µç¼«µçѹVCE£¬Í¬Ê±Ïò·¢É伫ʩ¼ÓÕýµÄÕ¤¼«µçѹVGEʱ£¬IGBT±ãÄܵ¼Í¨£¬¼¯µç¼«ºÍ·¢É伫µ¼Í¨£¬¼¯µç¼«µçÁ÷ICÁ÷¹ý¡£


ͼ2. IGBT½üËƵĵÈЧµç·

IGBTµÄµÈЧµç·ÈçÉÏͼËùʾ¡£µ±Õ¤¼«-·¢É伫£¨G-E£©ºÍ¼¯µç¼«-·¢É伫£¨C-E£©Í¨Â·¾ù·¢ÉúÕýÆ«ÖÃʱ£¬N¹µµÀMOSFETµ¼Í¨£¬µ¼Ö©¼«µçÁ÷Á÷¶¯¡£¸Ã©¼«µçÁ÷Ò²Á÷ÏòQPNPµÄ»ù¼«²¢µ¼ÖÂIGBTµ¼Í¨¡£ÓÉÓÚQPNPµÄÖ±Á÷µçÁ÷ÔöÒ棨¦Á£©·Ç³£Ð¡£¬Òò´Ë¼¸ºõÕû¸ö·¢É伫µçÁ÷£¨IE(pnp)£©¶¼×÷Ϊ»ù¼«µçÁ÷£¨IB(pnp)£©Á÷¶¯¡£µ«²¿·ÖIE(pnp)»á×÷Ϊ¼¯µç¼«µçÁ÷£¨IC(pnp)£©Á÷¶¯¡£IC(pnp)ÎÞ·¨¿ªÆôQNPN£¬ÒòΪËüÈƹýÁËQNPN»ù¼«ºÍ·¢É伫֮¼ä²åÈëµÄRBE¡£

Òò´Ë£¬IGBTµÄ¼¸ºõËùÓм¯µç¼«µçÁ÷¶¼Í¨¹ýQPNPµÄ·¢É伫-»ù¼«Í¨Â·×÷ΪN¹µµÀMOSFETµÄ©¼«µçÁ÷Á÷¶¯¡£´Ëʱ£¬¿ÕѨ´ÓQPNPµÄ·¢É伫עÈëµ½NͨµÀMOSFETµÄ¸ßµç×èƯÒƲ㡣Õâµ¼ÖÂƯÒƲãµÄµç×èÂÊ£¨Rd(MOS£©£©´ó´ó½µµÍ£¬´Ó¶ø½µµÍÁ˵¼Í¨ÆÚ¼äµÄµ¼Í¨µç×è¡£ÕâÖÖÏÖÏó³ÆΪµçµ¼Âʵ÷ÖÆ¡£

¹Ø±ÕÕ¤¼«£¨G£©ÐźŻᵼÖÂN¹µµÀMOSFET¹Ø¶Ï£¬´Ó¶øµ¼ÖÂIGBT¹Ø¶Ï¡£

3. °²È«¹¤×÷Çø

ÔÚIGBTµÄ¹æ¸ñÊéÖУ¬¿ÉÄܻῴµ½°²È«¹¤×÷Çø£¨SOA, Safe Operating Area£©£¬ÀýÈçROHMµÄ RGS30TSX2DHR ÈçÏÂͼËùʾ¡£Õâ¸ö°²È«¹¤×÷ÇøÊÇָʲô£¿


ͼ3. RohmµÄRGS30TSX2DHR °²È«¹¤×÷Çø £¨Í¼Æ¬À´Ô´ROHM£©

IGBT µÄ°²È«¹¤×÷Çø£¨SOA£©ÊÇʹIGBTÔÚ²»·¢Éú×ÔË𻵻òÐÔÄÜ›]ÓÐϽµµÄÇé¿öÏµĹ¤×÷µçÁ÷ºÍµçѹÌõ¼þ¡£Êµ¼ÊÉÏ£¬²»½öÐèÒªÔÚ°²È«¹¤×÷ÇøÄÚʹÓÃIGBT£¬»¹Ðè¶ÔÆäËùÔÚÇøÓòʵʩζȽµ¶î¡£°²È«¹¤×÷Çø·ÖΪÕýÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø£¨FBSOA, Forward Bias Safe Operating Area£©ºÍ·´ÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø£¨RBSOA, Reverse Bias Safe Operating Area£©¡£

3.1 ÕýÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø

ÕýÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø¶¨ÒåÁËIGBTµ¼Í¨ÆÚ¼äµÄ¿ÉÓõçÁ÷ºÍµçѹÌõ¼þ¡£


ͼ4. RGS30TSX2DHR µÄÕýÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø £¨Í¼Æ¬À´Ô´ROHM£©

ÉÏͼÊÇRGS30TSX2DHR µÄÕýÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø£¬¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾Ý¾ßÌåÇé¿ö·ÖΪ4¸öÁìÓò£¬ÈçÏÂËùÊö:

¡¤  Êܼ¯µç¼«×î´ó¶î¶¨µçÁ÷ÏÞÖƵÄÇøÓò
¡¤  Êܼ¯µç¼«ºÄÉ¢ÏÞÖƵÄÇøÓò
¡¤  Êܶþ´Î»÷´©ÏÞÖƵÄÇøÓò (¸ÃÇøÓò»áÒòÆ÷¼þÉè¼Æ¶øÓÐËù²»Í¬)
¡¤  Êܼ¯µç¼«-·¢É伫×î´ó¶î¶¨µçѹÏÞÖƵÄÇøÓò

3.2 ·´ÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø

·´ÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø¶¨ÒåÁËIGBT¹Ø¶ÏÆÚ¼äµÄ¿ÉÓõçÁ÷ºÍµçѹÌõ¼þ¡£


ͼ5. RGS30TSX2DHR µÄ·´ÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø £¨Í¼Æ¬À´Ô´ROHM£©

ÉÏͼÊÇRGS30TSX2DHR µÄ·´ÏòÆ«ÖÃSOA¿ÉÒÔ¼òµ¥·ÖΪ2¸öÓÐÏÞÇøÓò£¬ÈçÏÂËùÊö:

¡¤  Êܼ¯µç¼«×î´ó¶î¶¨µçÁ÷ÖµÏÞÖƵÄÇøÓò
¡¤  Êܼ¯µç¼«-·¢É伫×î´ó¶î¶¨µçѹÏÞÖƵÄÇøÓò¡£

Çë×¢Ò⣬µ±Éè¼ÆµÄ VCE£­IC¹¤×÷¹ì¼£Æ«Àë²úÆ·±¾Éí°²È«¹¤×÷Çøʱ£¬²úÆ·¿ÉÄܻᷢÉú³öÏÖÒâÍâ¹ÊÕÏ¡£Òò´Ë£¬ÔÚÉè¼Æµç·ʱ£¬ÔÚÈ·¶¨Óë»÷´©ÈÝÏÞÏà¹ØµÄ¾ßÌåÌØÐԺ͵ç·³£Êýʱ£¬±ØÐëÃÜÇÐ×¢ÒâºÄÉ¢ºÍÆäËûÐÔÄÜÎÊÌâ¡£ÀýÈ磬·´ÏòÆ«Öð²È«¹¤×÷Çø¾ßÓÐζÈÌØÐÔ£¨ÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏÂÁÓ»¯£©£¬VCE£­ICµÄ¹¤×÷¹ì¼£¸ù¾ÝÕ¤¼«µç×èRgºÍÕ¤¼«µçѹVGE¶ø±ä»¯¡£

Òò´Ë£¬ÓбØÒªÔÚÁ˽⹤×÷»·¾³ºÍ¹Ø¶ÏʱµÄ×îСդ¼«µç×èÖµºó£¬²Å½øÐÐRgºÍ VGEÉè¼Æ¡£

4. ²»Í¬ÀàÐÍIGBT ²úÆ·

Êг¡ÉÏÓв»Í¬ÀàÐ굀 IGBT ²úÆ·£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾Ýʵ¼ÊÓ¦ÓÃÇé¿ö¡¢°²×°ÀàÐÍ£¨ÀýÈçͨ¿×¡¢Ãæ°å°²×°»ò±íÃæ°²×°£©À´ÌôÑ¡¡£

IGBTµ¥¹Ü

½«MOSFETµÄ¼òµ¥Õ¤¼«Çý¶¯ÌØÐÔÓëË«¼«¾§Ìå¹ÜµÄ¸ßµçÁ÷ºÍµÍ±¥ºÍµçѹÄÜÁ¦Ïà½áºÏ¡£


ͼ6. IXYS µÄIXYH16N170C

IGBTÄ£¿é

ÓÉIGBTÓë¶þ¼«¹Üͨ¹ýÌض¨µÄµç·ÇŽӷâ×°¶ø³ÉµÄÄ£¿é»¯°ëµ¼Ìå²úÆ· ¡£·â×°ºóµÄIGBTÄ£¿é¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÓ¦ÓÃÓÚ±äƵÆ÷¡¢UPS²»¼ä¶ÏµçÔ´µÈÉ豸ÉÏ¡£IGBTÄ£¿é¾ßÓнÚÄÜ¡¢°²×°Î¬ÐÞ·½±ã¡¢É¢ÈÈÎȶ¨µÈÌص㡣


ͼ7.InfineonµÄ FZ800R12KE3


ͼ8. Infineon µÄ IM241-L6T2B ÖÇÄܹ¦ÂÊÄ£¿é (IPM)

×ܽá

IGBT ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¹¦ÂÊ°ëµ¼ÌåÆ÷¼þ£¬ÓÃÓÚµç×Ó¿ª¹Ø£¬¿ØÖƺ͸ıäµçÁ÷µÄ´óСƵÂÊ£¬ÊǵçÄÜת»»¼°Ó¦ÓõĺËÐÄоƬ¡£ÓÉÓÚƪ·ùÓÐÏÞ£¬IGBT Éæ¼°µÄ¼¼ÊõÄÚÈÝ¡¢Ó¦ÓÃÁìÓòºÜ¹ã£¬ËùÒÔ»¶Ó­´ó¼ÒÔÚÎÄÄ©½»Á÷·ÖÏí£¬Ò»ÆðÌÖÂÛѧϰ¡£

  • ·ÖÏíµ½£º

 

²ÂÄãϲ»¶

  • Ö÷ Ì⣺ʹÓÃMicrochipµÄMCC MelodyÇáËÉ´òÔìÏÂÒ»¿îÆ÷¼þ
  • ʱ ¼ä£º2024.03.19
  • ¹« Ë¾£ºMicrochip&DigiKey

  • Ö÷ Ì⣺̽Ì̵ּçÆ÷ÖеĿƼ¼ÓëºÝ»î¡ª¡ªÅ·Ä·Áú´ó¹¦Âʼ̵çÆ÷вúÆ·½éÉÜ
  • ʱ ¼ä£º2024.03.21
  • ¹« Ë¾£ºÅ·Ä·Áú

  • Ö÷ Ì⣺Ϊ±ßÔµ¼ÆËã´øÀ´ÎÞÏÞ¿ÉÄܵÄÈðÈøµç×ÓRA8΢¿ØÖÆÆ÷
  • ʱ ¼ä£º2024.03.26
  • ¹« Ë¾£ºÈðÈøµç×Ó&ÐÂêʵç×Ó

  • Ö÷ Ì⣺¸ß¼¯³ÉËÅ·þÇý¶¯ÏµÍ³Ó빤ҵ»úÆ÷ÈË·½°¸
  • ʱ ¼ä£º2024.04.18
  • ¹« Ë¾£ºST